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老年患者误吸的预防

2021-07-26 15:08:55

1.在老年人吞咽有问题或意识不很清醒时不能喂食。

2.了解老年人的饮食习惯和规律，对食物的特殊要求等，避免进食尖利、过硬的食物。

3.尽量采取坐位或半坐位喂食，在喂食时要慢，不要跟老人边吃边聊，要特别注意老人的吞咽和呼吸情况，发现误吸，及时处理，防止危险发生。

4.慢性病、长期卧床、年老体弱者，应注意经常改变体位、翻身、拍背，咳出痰液，有感染征象是及时就诊。

如果遇到误吸窒息时可采取以下方法急救：

（1）从背后箍住窒息者腹部，突然用力抱紧加压腹部，使胸腔气体喷出，排出异物。

（2）将窒息者倒立，用力拍打其胸背部，震动排出异物。
（3）使窒息者俯卧头低，用力拍打背部，震动排出异物。在医院还可用吸引器吸出异物。

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